Writing Composition: Understanding Plagiarism

Contributed by:
Ivan
Plagiarism is presenting someone else's work or ideas as your own, with or without their consent, by incorporating it into your work without full acknowledgment.

1.
2.
» In U.S., plagiarism is a serious offense
» Possible consequences of plagiarism
* Failing grade on paper
* Failing grade for course
» Loss of student visa status in extreme cases



3.
» Plagiarism is avoidable if you
» Understand what plagiarism is
» Understand what citation is
* Look at your writing like your reader does



4.
» Submitting a paper you didn’t write
» Everyone knows this is cheating!



5.
* Copying from sources and pretending you
wrote it yourself
» We all know this is cheating, too!



6.
» Using a source and saying it is a different
» Also cheating (even if an accident)!



7.
- You use author’s ideas and words without
giving author credit
» This is main source of plagiarism!
» Confusing — even for Americans!
» Let’s learn to avoid this!



8. “Talking” to your reader

Make clear who said/thought what
» Sometimes you use the exact same words as
- Sometimes you paraphrase author
» But always, you make it clear which words/
thoughts are author’s, which are yours
Readers understand because you follow
certain conventions
(agreed upon ways of doing things)



9. Writing conventions

When borrowing author’s exact same words
* Cite your author
» Use quotation marks around borrowed words
Even when paraphrasing author’s
» Cite your author
Always, when reporting author’s information
* Cite your author



10. Cite your author!

Cite? What does “cite” mean?
» According to President Obama, the economy...
He goes on to say...
» Lee (2007) argues that inflation will...
» The army’s actions were “incomprehensible and
reprehensible” (Adams & Morten, 232).
All bold words above are examples of citation.
- Different disciplines/professors require different
citation styles — be sure to ask



11.
citation + quotation marks —————> The passage is someone else’s information in that
person's exact words.
citation + NO quotation marks ———» The passage is someone else’s information
expressed in your own words (ie, a paraphrase

NO citation + NO quotation marks ——> The passage is your own idea/interpretation
expressed in your own words.



12.
NO citation + NO quotation marks ——» The passage is your own idea/interpretation
expressed in your own words.
» Example
The link between cell phone use and grade point average
needs further investigation.



13.
citation + quotation marks ——————> The passage is someone else’s information in that
person’s exact words.
» Example
Survey results found that cell phone use is “negatively
predictive of overall grade point average” (Svinicki 19).



14. What are you telling your reader?

AE a peo (otc) What it means to the reader
citation + NO quotation marks ———+ The passage is someone else's information
expressed in your own words (ie., a paraphrase
Survey results found that increased cell phone use corresponds
to lower grade point average (Svinicki).



15.
To be clear...

Plagiarism can happen when your citation
(or lack of it)
» Tells your reader one thing, but you meant something else
Example: you paraphrase an author’s words but
you do not cite the author
- You just told your reader that it is YOUR idea
- But in reality, it is the AUTHOR’s idea
» Maybe you forgot or misunderstood the convention, but
Still...it is plagiarism
Let’s take a quiz


16. Is this plagiarism?

Excerpt from article by Svinicki
Survey results from 1500 college students about their cell
phone use found that increased use was negatively predictive
of overall grade point average.
Student’s sentence
Svinicki’s research on cell phone use found that increased use
was negatively predictive of overall grade point average.



17. Yes! This is plagiarism!

should be inside quotation marks
because they are the author’s exact words!
citation + NO quotation marks ———+ The passage is someone else's information
expressed in your own words (i., a paraphrase
or summary).



18. Is this plagiarism?

Excerpt from article by Svinicki
Survey results from 1500 college students about their cell
phone use found that increased use was negatively predictive
of overall grade point average.
Student’s sentence
Survey results found that increased cell phone use corresponds
to lower grade point average (Svinicki).



19. No. This is NOT plagiarism.

The student paraphrased Svinicki’s information and cited
AE aero omy What it means to the reader
citation + NO quotation marks ———+ The passage is someone else's information
expressed in your own words (ie, a paraphrase
or summary).



20. Why does plagiarism matter?

U.S. education system values independent
- You need to differentiate between author’s ideas
and your own reaction to them
- Professors value independent thinking even
more when it draws upon research into the ideas
of others — citation shows you did such research
U. S. law stresses intellectual property rights
- By citing author’s ideas, you respect ownership
of work and ideas



21. How to protect yourself
Know what plagiarism is
Learn how to cite, paraphrase, and quote
Ask your TA, your professor, Student
Writing Support for help
You are in a different culture — don’t be
afraid to ask how things work



22.
Handbooks teach citation, paraphrase,
* available in U bookstore, online, U libraries
LITTLE SEAGULL




23.
- Student Writing Support
Free face-to-face help with your writing projects
» Online tutorials
The best is Indiana University’s
SWS Tutorials
U Library Tutorials



24.
Citation software
» Refworks, Zotero, Mendeley — free through
University Library
» Automatically creates reference entries in
citation method of your choice (MLA, APA,
AMA, etc.)
» Attend free library workshops for Refworks and



25. You will do fine...
Don’t be scared — just be aware
Ask questions
Ask for help if you need it — students and
staff love to tell you how things work
Enjoy your exciting new experience



26. - A special thanks to Katie Levin in Student
Writing Support (SWS) for her “What Are
You Telling Your Readers?” approach to