What are the Functions of Skeletal System?

Contributed by:
kevin
The skeletal system is composed of bones, cartilage, and ligaments. Name five functions of bones. The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton makes up about 14% of the total body weight and reaches maximum density around age 21.
1. Skeletal System
2. What are the 5
Functions of the
Skeletal System?
Muscle attached to bones!! 1. Movement: Skeletal system
provides points of
attachment for muscles.
Your legs and arms move
when the muscles pull on
the bones.
2. Support: The backbone is
the main support center for
the upper body. It holds your
head up and protects your
spinal cord.
3. What are the 5
Functions of the
Skeletal System?
3. Protection: The bones of
your skull protect your
brain. Your ribs protect
your lungs and heart from
injury.
4. Makes Blood: Red and
white blood cells are
formed by tissue called
marrow, which is in the
center of the bone.
4. What are the 5
Functions of the
Skeletal System?
5. Storage: Bones store
minerals, such as
calcium and phosphorus,
for use by the body
5. ► Axial Skeleton: The
What are the Two
Major Skeletal System axial skeleton includes
the skull, spine, ribs
Parts? and sternum.
► Appendicular
Skeleton: The
appendicular skeleton
includes the
appendages of the
body, which are the
shoulders, arms, hips,
and legs.
6. What are the ► Four basic bone shapes:
Basic Bone  1. Long- arms, legs and
Shapes? fingers
 2. Short- wrist and ankles
 3. Flat- skull and sternum
 4. Irregular- spine
7. What is the Structure ► Typical Four Layers:
of Bone?  Periosteum: Covers
Bones
 Compact Bone: Lies
beneath the
periosteum
 Spongy Bone: Lies
beneath the
compact bone
 Bone Marrow: Fills
the gaps between
the spongy bone
8.  Bones are complex
What is the living structures that
Structure of Bone? undergo growth and
development.
 A thin tough outer
membrane covers
the bone.
 Beneath the outer
membrane is a layer
of compact bone
(hard and dense,
but not solid – it is
filled with holes and
has small canals for
blood vessels and
nerves).
9. What is the  Inside the
Structure of compact bone is
Bone? a layer of spongy
bone.
 It has many small
spaces, is light
weight, but
strong.
 Spongy bone is
also found at the
ends of bones.
10. What is the  In the spaces of many
Structure of bones there is a soft
connective tissue
Bone? called marrow.
 Two types of Marrow:
►Red
►Yellow
 Red Marrow
produces most
of the body’s
blood cells.
 Yellow Marrow
stores fat that
can serve as an
energy reserve.
11. How Strong are  The structure of
Bones? bones make it
both strong and
light weight.
 20 % of an adults
body weight is
bone.
 Bone is made up
of 2 minerals:
►Calcium
►Phosphorus
12.  As an infant, most of your
How Do Bones skeleton is cartilage.
Develop?  Cartilage is a strong
flexible tissue.
 Over time the cartilage is
replaced by solid bone,
usually complete by the
time you stop growing.
 Not all cartilage is
replaced in adults. Many
joints contain cartilage,
protecting the ends of
bones (ears and the end
of the nose is also
cartilage).
13. Clavicle or Collarbone
► The clavicle, or collar
bone, holds the
shoulder joint away
from the rest of the
upper body and is only
as thick as your little
finger.
14. Scapula
► The scapula is located
on the back side of the
ribcage and helps
provide part of the
shoulder joint and
movement for the
arms.
15. Vertebral Column or Spinal Cord
1) The cervical region (neck
bones)
2) The thorasic region (what the
ribs attach to)
3) The lumbar region (the lower
part of the back)
16. Coccyx and Sacrum
17. Humerus (Upper Arm Bone)
18. Radius and Ulna
► Radius on Top
► Ulna on Bottom
19. Carpals or (Wrist Bones)
20. Metacarpals (Top of Hands)
21. Phalanges (Little Fingers)
22. Rib Cage
23. Sternum (Breastbone)
24.
25. Femur
(Largest Bone in the Body)
26. The Tibia and Fibula
27.
28.
29.
30. • A joint is a place
What are
where two bones
Joints? come together.
• Joints allow the
bones to move in
different ways.
• Two types of joints:
• Immovable
• Movable
31. What are • A joint that
Immovable allows little or
Joints? no movement
32. What are • Most of the joint are
movable joints.
Movable • Allow the body to move
in a wide range of
Joints? movements.
• Bones in movable
joints are held together
by strong connective
tissue called
ligaments.
• Four types of movable
joints:
• Hinge
• Ball-and-socket
• Pivot
• Gliding
33. ► Round end of bone
What is a fitting snuggly within
Ball-and- another bone.
 Ex. Shoulder and
Socket Hip
Joint? ► Allows the greatest
range of motion.
 The ball-and-socket
joint allows you to
swing your arm
freely in a circle.
34. ► Movement in one
What is a direction like a door.
 Ex. Knee and Elbow
Hinge Joint? ► Allows forward or
backward motion.
35. ► Bone resting atop
another bone permitting
What is a Pivot free movement.
Joint?  Ex. Neck, Wrist and
Ankles
► Allows one bone to
rotate around another.
 Allows you to turn your
head
36. ► Allows one bone to
What is a Gliding slide over another.
Joint?  Ex. Knuckles,
wrist, ankle
► Allows your to
bend and flex as
well as make
limited side to side
motions.
37. ►Connects bone to
What is a bone.
38. ►Attaches
What is a muscles to
Tendon? bones.