Contributed by:
1. The basic introduction of Electrical and Electronics.
2. Definitions - Current, Voltage, and Resistance
3. Color Coding of Resistor
4. Ohm’s Law, Series, and Parallel Circuits.
5. Capacitor and Inductor
6. Kirchhoff's Current and Voltage Law
7. Numerical Examples
1.
College of CS & IS
Jazan University
KSA
1
2.
CHAPTER 1
Electrical Circuit Analysis
Objectives
In this Chapter, we will learn the following topics:-
1.The basic introduction of Electrical and Electronics.
2.Definitions - Current, Voltage and Resistance
3.Color Coding of Resistor
4.Ohm’s Law, Series and Parallel Circuits.
5.Capacitor and Inductor
6.Kirchhoff's Current and Voltage Law
7.Numerical Examples
2
3.
What is Electronic
Electronics is the branch of science that deals
with the study of flow and control of electrons
(electricity) and the study of their behavior
and effects in vacuums, gases, and
semiconductors, and with devices using such
electrons.
3
4.
What is Electrical
The branch of engineering that deals with the technology of
electricity, especially the design and application of
circuitry and equipment for power generation and
distribution, machine control and communications.
4
5.
Electric Current
An electric current is a flow of electric
charge. In electric circuits this charge is often
carried by moving electrons in a wire.
Unit:- Ampere (A)
5
7.
Voltage
Voltage is the difference in electric potential
energy between two points per unit electric charge. The
voltage between two points is equal to the work done per
unit of charge against a static electric field to move the
charge between two points and is measured in units of
volts (a joule per coulomb).
Unit:- Volts(V)
7
8.
Resistance
A resistor is a passive two terminal electrical
In electronic circuits, resistors are used to limit current
flow, to adjust signal levels, bias active elements, and
terminate transmission lines among other uses.
UNIT:- ohm (Ω)
Symbol:-
8
9.
Effect of Resistance on Electrons
9
10.
Colour Coding of Resistor
10
11.
Ohm’s Law
Ohm's law states that the voltage (V) across a resistor is
proportional to the current (I), where the constant of
proportionality is the resistance (R).
V=I x R
11
11
13.
Series and Parallel Circuits
A. Series Circuits
The total resistance of resistors connected in series is the sum of
their individual resistance values.
Rtotal = R1 + R2 + R3
In series Current remain same in all components
but voltage differ.
13
15.
B. Parallel Circuits
The total resistance of resistors connected in parallel is the
reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual
resistors.
1/ Rtotal = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
In parallel voltage remain same in all
components but current differ.
15
17.
Capacitor(C)
Capacitor is an electronic component that stores electric
charge. The capacitor is made of 2 close conductors
(usually plates) that are separated by a dielectric material.
The capacitance is the amount of electric charge that is
stored in the capacitor at voltage of 1 Volt.
UNIT:- Faraday(F)
17
19.
Inductor(L)
An inductor, also called a coil or reactor, is a passive two-
terminal electrical component which resists changes in
electric current passing through it.
It consists of a conductor such as a wire, usually wound into
a coil.
Energy is stored in a magnetic field in the coil as long as
current flows.
UNIT:- Henry(H)
19
21.
kirchhoff's laws
1. KVL ( Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law )
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law or KVL, states that “in any closed
loop network, the total voltage around the loop is equal to
the sum of all the voltage drops within the same loop” which
is also equal to zero.
In other words the algebraic sum of all voltages within the loop
must be equal to zero.
This idea by Kirchhoff is known as the Conservation of Energy.
21
22.
2. KCL ( Kirchhoff’s Current Law)
“Total current or charge entering a junction or node is exactly
equal to the charge leaving the node as it has no other place
to go except to leave, as no charge is lost within the node“.
In other words the algebraic sum of ALL the currents entering
and leaving a node must be equal to zero, I(exiting) + I(entering) = 0.
This idea by Kirchhoff is commonly known as the Conservation
of Charge.
22
23.
Numerical Examples
23
24.
Numerical Examples
24
25.
Numerical Examples
25
26.
Numerical Examples
26
+1-315-636-4485
+91 98151-74050 
