The water cycle is the path that all water follows as it moves around Earth in different states. Liquid water is found in oceans, rivers, lakes—and even underground.
1. This PowerPoint file contains information about the water cycle. The first slide shows a picture that includes all processes in the water cycle. Subsequent slides discuss each process individually. The last slide provides information on the distribution of water on the earth.
2. The water cycle is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
3. Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas. The rate of evaporation depends on how dry the air is and the temperature difference between air and water. Water Evaporating from hot springs United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
4. Transpiration is the process by which water evaporates from plants Evaporation and transpiration are often combined into a single term called evapotranspiration. United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
5. Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water. As air rises it cools. Cold air holds less water than warm air. Thus, as the air cools, clouds form. Some clouds form during the day as the air temperature and evaporation increase. Other clouds are associated with weather systems, such as a warm or cold front, in which warm air is forced over colder air. United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
6. Precipitation is water released from clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail. It happens when clouds can no longer hold water. The water then falls to the earth because of gravity. A thunderstorm in the western United States. Thunderstorms form when air is forced upward at a very fast rate and therefore cools very quickly. United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
7. Infiltration is SAND the process by Water infiltrates much faster and which water deeper into a soaks into the sand compared to a clay. This is ground. because the pore Water Infiltration is spaces in the sand are much faster on dry larger than in the clay and can soils and in therefore sandy soils transport more CLAY water. compared to wet and clay soils.
8. Surface runoff is precipitation or melted snow that runs off over the landscape. Runoff occurs when the rate of precipitation or snowmelt is greater than the rate of infiltration. Runoff water flows to sewers in some urban areas (then usually to surface water), to retention basins in other urban areas (then usually soaks into the ground), and to rivers, lakes, and wetlands in nonurban areas. Oregon State University Extension Service (http://extension.oregonstate.edu/streaming/transcripts/after_the_rain/sect3.php)
9. Water that infiltrates the soil can either be taken up by plants, evaporate, be stored in the soil, or become ground water. Soil holds water but is usually not saturated with water. Ground water is water stored in the saturated part of soil or rock United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
10. Ground water moves from high to low elevations due to gravity. It eventually flows to a spring, lake, river, wetland, or well. In this illustration, ground water flows to a stream and a well United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
11. Water in lakes, streams, and wetlands may come from precipitation, surface runoff, and ground water discharge. Water in lakes, streams, and wetlands can evaporate, flow to a lake, stream, or the ocean, or infiltrate into the ground.
12. Water in oceans comes from precipitation, runoff, ground water discharge, and streams Water in the ocean may stay there fore a long time, but some of it evaporates United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
13. Water in ice and snow, including glaciers and icecaps, comes from precipitation Water in glaciers and icecaps is stored for a long time. Some evaporates and glaciers slowly flow toward oceans and lakes. United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
14. 97% of the earth’s water is in the oceans. Of the remainder, 69% is in glaciers and icecaps, 30% in ground water, and 1% in lakes, rivers, and wetlands. Very little water is stored in the atmosphere. United States Geological Survey (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle.html)
15. Although there are many excellent websites that deal with the Water Cycle, the United States Geological Survey has by far the most comprehensive information on the Water Cycle html
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