Liquid-Liquid Extraction with Ternary Systems

Spray column Packed column Plate column Decanter High cost High efficiency More size of equipment required Due to axial dispersion Lessens the mass transfer Increases the mass transfer by not breaking the large drops Decreases the interfacial area Increases the mass transfer by breaking the large droplets thus increasing interfacial area To avoid overflow To avoid back-mixing To avoid the cost increment To get full efficiency Increases axial mixing Reduces axial mixing by packing columns Reduces axial mixing and promotes a stage-wise type of contact Reduces the cost Extra solvent Large solvent Small solvent No solvent Mobile phase No phase Stationary phase Whole solution To separate organic impurities To separate inorganic impurities To separate fibres TO separate solvent Gas Solid Liquid Solid or gas S H G K Blue Indigo Purple Red Non-continuous phase Continuous phase Dis-continuous phase Gas phase Two liquid phases mixed with impellers and separated by gravity induced separation. Two liquid phases unmixed, and magnetic separation carried out Two liquid phases are mixed by impellers, and separated using magnetic separation Two liquid phases are heated to mix, and gravity induced separation is carried out Continuous Heavier Lighter May be heavier or lighter Colour of the two phases may be same The two phases may not be visible Emulsification in the mixing wheel The size of dispersed particles can be large