The p-Block Elements: Placed At the Top Right Corner of Periodic Table

4 5 6 2 (NH4)2Cr2O7 K2Cr2O7 Zn(ClO3)2 KClO3 F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 I2 > Br2 > Cl2 > F2 Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2 Br2 > I2 > F2 > Cl2 S2O72-, S2O32- S4O62-, S2O72- S2O72-, S2O82- S4O62-, S2O32- Oxygen Aluminium Hydrogen No other metal Aluminium halides acidic character is greater than that of indium halide Boron halide acidic character is less than that of gallium halide Gallium halides acidic character is less than that of indium halide Aluminium halides acidic character is greater than that of boron halide Boron chloride Boron fluoride Boron Bromide Boron iodide Dissolving the solid in dil. HCl Dissolving the solid in conc. H2SO4 Treating the solid with H2 gases Strongly heating the solid By action of electric discharge on oxygen molecule By action of ultraviolet rays on oxygen molecule By action of infrared rays on oxygen molecule Due to sudden drops of pressure C−I > C−Cl > C−Br C−I > C−Br > C−Cl C−Cl > C−Br > C−I C−Br > C−Cl > C−I Four 2c – 2e bonds and two 3c – 2e bonds Two 2c – 2e bonds and two 3c – 2e bonds Two 2c – 2e bonds and two 3c – 3e bonds Four 2c – 2e bonds and four 3c – 2e bonds

Four p𝜋-d𝜋 bonds are present

Four sp3 – p 𝜎 bonds are present

It has a tetrahedral shape

It has a square planar shape

Thallium

Gallium

Aluminium

Boron

Sodium Tetra hydroxyl aluminate V

Sodium Tetra hydroxyl aluminate III

Sodium Penta hydroxyl aluminate IV

Sodium Septa hydroxyl aluminate III

x = acidic or neutral, y = basic

x = neutral, y = basic

x = acidic, y = neutral

x = basic, y = acidic

Aluminium

Thallium

Boron

Gallium

It exhibits Allotropy

It exists in both crystalline and Amorphous form

It forms solid chlorides

It forms volatile hydrides.

Low density

Non toxicity

Good thermal conductivity

Good electrical conductivity

Boron

Gallium

Indium

Aluminium

Ga

B

Al

Tl