Subtract Whole Numbers

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NEO Mon, Jan 24, 2022 07:43 AM UTC

Learn ways to subtract whole numbers. Practice solving problems mentally as well.

1. Week 1 Day 2
Subtract whole numbers: Mental & Written
Each day covers one maths topic. It should take you about 1 hour or just a little more.
1. Start by reading through the Learning Reminders.
They come from our PowerPoint slides.
2. Tackle the questions on the Practice Sheet.
There might be a choice of either Mild (easier) or
Hot (harder)!
Check the answers.
3. Finding it tricky? That’s OK… have a go with a
grown-up at A Bit Stuck?
4. Have I mastered the topic? A few questions to
Check your understanding.
Fold the page to hide the answers!
© Hamilton Trust

2. Learning Reminders
© Hamilton Trust

3. Learning Reminders
© Hamilton Trust

4. Learning Reminders
Answers here:
© Hamilton Trust

5. Practice Sheet Mild
Multiples of 1000
Draw number lines to show Frog solving these problems:
1. 1000 – 573
2. 2000 – 1958
3. 6000 – 5839
4. 4000 – 2748
5. 5000 – 2349
6. 9000 – 4275
7. 8000 – 5624
8. 7000 – 3453
9. 3000 – 2222
10. 6000 – 3333
Challenge
Look at your number lines. Can you find some ways to solve the problems with
fewer jumps?
© Hamilton Trust

6. Practice Sheet Mild
Subtracting 4-digit numbers
Complete each subtraction.
1. 4582 – 2317
2. 9635 – 2381
3. 5056 – 3214
4. 8264 – 2327
5. 6523 – 3289
6. 8236 – 5460
7. 4562 – 1684
8. 9450 – 5728
Choose two of your subtractions to check with addition.
Challenge
Find the missing digits in this subtraction:
41 -1 36=70 7
© Hamilton Trust

7. Practice Sheet Hot
Subtraction practice
1. 64,784 - 21,529 2. 75,548 - 43,273 3. 86,347 - 33,720
4. 72,583 - 45,251 5. 56,421 - 24,175 6. 92,765 - 48,308
7. 45,287 people live in South Oaktown. 38,145 people live in North Oaktown.
What is the difference between their populations?
8. The odometer on a six-year old car showsTrust
© Hamilton 63,564 miles. In the first five years
it had driven 52,382 miles. How many miles were driven last year?
Challenge
Write a word problem which involves subtracting 45,875 from 50,005. Then explain how you would do
the subtraction if you were solving your own word problem!
© Hamilton Trust

8. Practice Sheet Answers
Multiples of 1000 (mild)
1. 1000 – 573
+7 + 20 + 400
573 580 600 1000
Add the hops: 400 + 20 + 7 = 427
2. 2000 – 1958
+2 + 40
1958 1960 2000
Add the hops: 40 + 2 = 42
3. 6000 – 5839
+1 + 60 + 100
5839 5840 5900 6000
Add the hops: 100 + 60 + 1 = 161
4. 4000 – 2748
+2 + 50 + 200 + 1000
2748 2750 2800 3000 4000
Add the hops: 1000 + 200 + 50 + 2 = 1252
5. 5000 – 2349
+1 + 50 + 600 + 2000
2349 2350 2400 3000 5000
Add the hops: 2000 + 600 + 50 + 1 = 2651
© Hamilton Trust

9. Multiples of 1000 (mild) continued
6. 9000 – 4275
+5 + 20 + 700 + 4000
4275 4280 4300 5000 9000
Add the hops: 4000 + 700 + 20 + 5 = 4725
7. 8000 – 5624
+6 + 70 + 300 + 2000
5624 5630 5700 6000 8000
Add the hops: 2000 + 300 + 70 + 6 = 2376
8. 7000 – 3453
+7 + 40 + 500 + 3000
3453 3460 3500 4000 7000
Add the hops: 3000 + 500 + 40 + 7 = 3547
9. 3000 – 2222
+8 + 70 + 700
2222 2230 2300 3000
Add the hops: 700 + 70 + 8 = 778
10. 6000 – 3333
+7 + 60 + 600 + 2000
3333 3340 3400 4000 6000
Add the hops: 2000 + 600 + 60 + 7 = 2667
© Hamilton Trust

10. Subtracting 4-digit numbers (mild)
1. 4582 – 2317 = 2265
2. 9635 – 2381 = 7254
3. 5056 – 3214 = 1842
4. 8264 – 2327 = 5937
5. 6523 – 3289 = 3234
6. 8236 – 5460 = 2776
7. 4562 – 1684 = 2878
8. 9450 - 5728 = 3722
Challenge
8413 - 1336 = 7077
Subtraction practice (hot)
1. 64,784 - 21,529 = 43,255 2. 75,548 - 43,273 = 32,275
3. 86,347 - 33,720 = 52,627 4. 72,583 - 45,251 = 27,332
5. 56,421 - 24,175 = 32,246 6. 92,765 - 48,308 = 44,457
7. 45,287 - 38,145 = 7142. There is a difference of 7142 between their
populations.
8. 63,564 - 52,382 = 11,182. The car drove 11,182 miles in the last year.
Challenge
There are many possible answers here.
© Hamilton Trust

11. A Bit Stuck?
Hops, skips and jumps
Things you will need:
• A pencil
What to do:
• Choose at least four subtractions to work out.
Draw a line from the smaller number to the bigger number.
Use Frog to work out the difference between the two numbers.
• Remember to add up your hops and jumps at the end!
6000 – 5642 6002 – 6938 5000 – 3981
4005 – 3964 9000 – 4567 6001 – 4983
3004 – 2572
6000 - 5642 = ...
8 50 300
5642 5650 5700 6000
S-t-r-e-t-c-h:
Work out the answers to 6003 – 4579 and 5010 – 3678.
Frog needs to work a bit harder for these!
Learning outcomes:
• I can use Frog to subtract 4-digit numbers from multiples of 1000 (e.g. 4000 – 3786).
• I can use Frog to subtract 4-digit numbers when the larger number has zeros (e.g. 4002 – 3987).
• I am beginning to use Frog to subtract pairs of 4-digit numbers which are further apart from
each other.
© Hamilton Trust

12. A Bit Stuck?
Hop to hundreds, and beyond!
Work in pairs
Things you will need:
• A pencil
What to do:
• Take it in turns to be the teacher and to be the Frog.
Choose a subtraction.
Tell your partner, one step at a time, how to work out the answer to the subtraction.
• Work out as many subtractions as you can.
Hop, hop Hop, jump, hop
305 – 298 406 – 386
802 – 794 203 – 175
603 – 597 501 – 468
506 – 495 604 – 559
406 - 386 =
+4 +10
390 400
386 406
Choose two subtractions from the hop, hop section to check using
Learning outcomes:
• I can use counting up (Frog) to subtract 3-digit numbers either side of a multiple of 100,
e.g. 304 – 297, then 304 – 267.
• I am beginning to use addition to check subtraction.
© Hamilton Trust

13. Check your understanding
Questions
Use just the digits 4 and 5 to create a 5-digit – 5-digit subtraction to give an answer with at least two 9s.
Can you get 9091?
What is the smallest answer you can get?
What is the largest?
Explain why it would be sensible to choose different methods to solve (a) and (b) below.
(a) 67,493 – 21,561
(b) 50,005 – 44,878
Find the missing numbers in this subtraction:
12★ 62
– 93◼8
311▲
Fold here to hide answers:
Check your understanding
Answers
Use just the digits 4 and 5 to create a 5-digit – 5-digit subtraction to give an answer with at least two 9s.
e.g. 55,544 – 44,555. Other answers are possible; the key is to have 4s in the first number in the same
place as 5s in the second.
Can you get 9091? 54,545 – 45,454.
What is the smallest answer you can get? 55,555 – 55,554 = 1.
What is the largest? 55,555 – 44,444 = 11,111
Explain why it would be sensible to choose different methods to solve (a) and (b) below.
(a) 67,493 – 21,561 45,932. Probably best by column subtraction, since neither number is close to
10,000s and exchanges between columns are needed.
(b) 50,005 – 44,878 5127. Since 50,005 is just over 50,000 this can be solved by counting up (Frog)
from 44,878
Find the missing numbers in this subtraction:
5 12
12462
– 9348
3114
© Hamilton Trust

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